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Background: The four pillars of safe motherhood include; family planning,
antenatal care, clean & safe delivery and essential obstetric care. The
objective of current study is to explore the factors affecting the utilization
of antenatal care (ANC) visits, in Pakistan.
Methods: Data for the current study have been obtained from Pakistan
Demographic and Health surveys (PDHS 1990-91, 2006-07 & 2012-13).
Number of women interviewed successfully for three data sets are 6910,
10023 and 13558 respectively. Negative Binomial-Logit Hurdle (HNBLOGIT)
Regression Model is used to identify significant factors of ANC visits.
Results: Percentage of women who had at least one ANC visit are 29%,
65% and 76% respectively for PDHS 1990-91, 2006-07 & 2012-13. Average
number of visits utilized by pregnant women for PDHS (1990-91, 2006-07 &
2012-13) is found to be approximately ሺ1.79 ؆ 2ሻ , ሺ2.58 ؆ 3ሻ andሺ3.37 ؆
3ሻ, respectively. It is observed that region, maternal education and
media exposure are significantly associated with antenatal health care
utilization during pregnancy for all PDHS datasets. Additionally,
Residential place & partner’s occupation are found to be significant for
PDHS (1990-91); wealth index, partner’s education & maternal age for
PDHS (2006-07); and residential place & wealth index for PDHS (2012-13).
Conclusions: Urban, educated, rich and women who had media
exposure shows strong decision in favour of antenatal health care visits
and also frequency of their visits is significantly more than their
counterparts. Role of maternal education is more obvious than that of
paternal education for health care utilization. Older women preferred to
have more antenatal health care visits but result is not consistent in all
surveys.
Asifa Kamal , Javeria Basharat, Uzma Nauman, Prof. Irum Manzoor. (2016) Socio-Demographic Differentials for Utilization of Antenatal Health Care among Pakistani Women: A Negative Binomial-Logit Hurdle (HNBLOGIT) Regression Model Approach (1990-2013) , Pakistan Pediatric Journal, Volume 40, Issue 4.
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